Here in Jacksonville, a roof has to do more than just keep the rain out—it has to stand up to intense UV rays, high humidity, and the threat of severe storms. For properties with flat or low-slope designs, finding a material that can handle this constant assault is critical. The tar and gravel roof has long been a go-to solution in climates like ours. Its multi-layered construction and protective stone topcoat create a formidable barrier against the elements. This guide is designed for Florida property owners, explaining how a tar and gravel roof performs under local conditions, what it costs, and how proper maintenance can ensure it protects your investment for decades to come.
Key Takeaways
- Its Strength Lies in Layers: A tar and gravel roof is a robust, multi-layered system ideal for flat or low-slope structures. The alternating layers of asphalt and fabric create a highly waterproof barrier, while the top layer of gravel provides essential protection from UV rays, fire, and storm damage.
- Professional Installation is Non-Negotiable: Due to its significant weight and the hazardous process of applying hot tar, this is not a DIY job. Your home’s structure must be assessed to support the load, and only an experienced professional can ensure a safe, watertight installation that lasts.
- Consistent Upkeep is Key to Longevity: You can extend your roof’s life by performing simple, regular maintenance. Keep the surface clear of debris to prevent trapped moisture, look for bare spots where gravel has eroded, and schedule annual professional inspections to fix small issues before they become major leaks.
What Is a Tar and Gravel Roof?
If you have a building with a flat or low-slope roof, you’ve likely come across a tar and gravel system. Often called a Built-Up Roof (or BUR), this option has been a reliable choice for decades, especially for commercial properties. Think of it as a multi-layered shield for your building, constructed right on-site to create a thick, seamless, and durable surface.
The name itself gives you a pretty good idea of what it’s all about: layers of tar (asphalt) and reinforcing fabrics are built up, then topped with a layer of gravel. This isn’t just a simple, single sheet of material rolled onto your roof. It’s a robust system designed to withstand the elements, from intense sun to heavy rain. While it’s a classic method, it remains a popular choice because of its proven track record for toughness and longevity. If you’re looking for a roofing system that can handle the unique demands of a flat roof, understanding how a tar and gravel roof works is a great place to start. Our team is experienced with all types of commercial roofing and can help you determine if it’s the right fit for your property.
What It’s Made Of
A tar and gravel roof is built with a few key ingredients. The core of the system consists of multiple layers of roofing felt, which is a heavy-duty fabric saturated with bitumen (asphalt). Some modern versions use fiberglass mats instead of traditional felt for added strength. Between each layer of felt, a thick coat of hot asphalt is mopped on. This process is repeated several times, creating a laminated, waterproof membrane that’s typically two to four plies thick.
The final touch is a top layer of gravel or crushed stone, which is set into a final flood coat of hot asphalt. This gravel isn’t just for show—it plays a crucial role in the roof’s performance and durability.
The Installation Process
Putting a tar and gravel roof together is a job that requires skill and precision, which is why it should always be handled by professionals. The process involves heating asphalt in a kettle on-site, which produces strong odors and smoke, so it’s important to be prepared for that during installation. The hot asphalt is then applied between layers of roofing felt to build up the membrane.
Because the materials are heavy and the application of hot tar is hazardous, this isn’t a DIY-friendly project. A professional crew ensures each layer is applied correctly for a watertight seal and that all safety precautions are taken. If you’re considering this type of roof, it’s best to get in touch with experienced roofers who can manage the project safely and efficiently.
How This “Built-Up” System Works
Every part of a tar and gravel roof has a specific job. The multiple layers of asphalt and felt create a redundant, waterproof barrier. If one layer were to somehow get a small puncture, the layers beneath it are there to stop any water from getting through.
The top layer of gravel is the system’s first line of defense. It shields the underlying asphalt from the sun’s harsh UV rays, which can cause it to dry out and crack over time. This is especially important here in sunny Florida. The gravel also provides protection against hail and foot traffic, adds weight to hold everything down, and helps give the roof a Class A fire rating. It’s a simple but highly effective design that protects your property from storm damage and daily wear.
Building a Tar and Gravel Roof
Installing a tar and gravel roof, also known as a Built-Up Roof (BUR), is a complex process that requires precision, specialized equipment, and a deep understanding of roofing systems. Unlike a simple shingle replacement, this method involves layering materials to create a seamless, waterproof barrier. It’s a job that demands professional expertise to ensure it’s done safely and correctly. From preparing the roof deck to handling hot asphalt, every step is critical for creating a durable roof that can withstand Florida’s weather.
The process starts with a clean, stable roof deck. From there, a team of skilled roofers applies alternating layers of hot asphalt (bitumen) and reinforcing fabrics like roofing felt or fiberglass mats. This creates the “built-up” structure that gives the roof its strength and waterproofing. The final step is embedding a top layer of gravel or crushed stone into a hot flood coat of asphalt. This top layer isn’t just for looks; it protects the underlying materials from UV rays and adds an extra layer of fire resistance.
The Importance of Multiple Layers
The secret to a tar and gravel roof’s longevity lies in its multi-layered construction. Think of it like a waterproof lasagna for your roof. Each layer of hot asphalt and reinforcing fabric works together to create a monolithic, watertight membrane. If one layer were to somehow get a small puncture, the layers beneath it are there to stop any water from getting through. This redundancy is what makes BUR systems so reliable for flat or low-slope roofs. The final layer of gravel shields these important layers from the sun’s harsh rays, preventing the asphalt from drying out and cracking over time.
Key Steps for a Professional Installation
This is definitely not a weekend DIY project. The installation of a tar and gravel roof involves handling hazardous materials, including asphalt heated to around 500°F. A professional team, like the one at MRS Roofers, follows a precise process to ensure a safe and effective installation. This includes meticulously cleaning the roof deck, applying each layer of asphalt and fabric evenly to avoid weak spots, and ensuring proper adhesion. Professionals also have the right safety gear and equipment to manage the risks, protecting both your property and the installation crew. Trusting an expert ensures your roof is built to last and backed by a solid warranty.
Handling Local Building Codes and Permits
Any major roofing project, including a tar and gravel installation, requires the right permits to comply with local building codes. In the Jacksonville area, this means securing the necessary paperwork before any work begins. Navigating these regulations can be a headache for homeowners, but it’s a standard part of the job for an experienced roofing contractor. A professional team handles the entire permitting process for you, ensuring every aspect of the project meets or exceeds local requirements. This not only keeps your project on the right side of the law but also guarantees your roof is installed to the highest safety standards.
Is Your Home’s Structure Ready?
One of the most important considerations with a tar and gravel roof is its weight. All those layers of asphalt, fabric, and stone add up, making it significantly heavier than other flat roofing systems like TPO or EPDM. Before moving forward, your home’s structure must be assessed to confirm it can safely support the load. A professional roofer will conduct a thorough inspection to check the integrity of your roof deck and support beams. In some cases, structural reinforcements may be needed. This crucial step ensures the long-term safety and stability of your home, giving you complete peace of mind. If you have questions about your home’s readiness, you can always contact us for an assessment.
The Pros of a Tar and Gravel Roof
While tar and gravel roofs might seem like a classic, old-school choice, they’ve stuck around for a reason. This type of “built-up” roof (BUR) offers a unique combination of durability, protection, and affordability that still makes it a contender for many flat or low-slope roofs on homes and commercial buildings. If you’re weighing your options, it’s worth taking a closer look at the distinct advantages that have made this roofing system a reliable standard for decades.
From its impressive resilience against harsh weather to its straightforward, budget-friendly nature, a tar and gravel roof brings some serious benefits to the table. Let’s break down what makes this option a smart investment for many property owners.
Excellent Weather and Fire Resistance
Here in Florida, a roof has to be tough. Tar and gravel systems are built to handle exactly what our climate throws at them. The top layer of gravel acts as a natural shield, protecting the underlying waterproof layers from the sun’s intense UV rays, which can cause other materials to degrade over time. This same rocky barrier also provides solid protection against hail and driving rain.
Beyond the weather, safety is a huge plus. The gravel gives the roof a Class A fire rating—the highest rating available for resistance to fire. This provides an essential layer of protection and peace of mind, especially in areas prone to fire risk. It’s a key reason why this system is so trusted for both residential and commercial properties that need reliable storm damage repair and protection.
Potential Energy Bill Savings
A tar and gravel roof is an excellent insulator, and that can make a real difference in your monthly energy bills. The multiple layers of asphalt and roofing felt create a thick thermal barrier that helps keep your home’s temperature stable. During our long, hot summers, the gravel layer can even help reflect some of the sun’s heat, reducing the workload on your air conditioning system.
In the cooler months, that same insulation works in reverse, helping to trap heat inside your home. This year-round performance means your HVAC system doesn’t have to work as hard, which can lead to noticeable savings over the life of the roof. It’s a practical benefit that adds to the roof’s overall value.
Long-Term Cost-Effectiveness
When you look at the big picture, tar and gravel roofs are one of the most cost-effective options available, especially for large, flat roof surfaces. The materials are generally less expensive than those used for more modern systems, and the installation process is straightforward for experienced professionals.
Their durability also plays a major role in their value. A well-installed and properly maintained tar and gravel roof can easily last 20 to 25 years, and sometimes even longer. This impressive lifespan means you won’t have to worry about a costly replacement anytime soon. By investing in regular professional maintenance, you can extend its life even further, making it a sound financial decision for your property.
Understanding Its Environmental Impact
It’s important to have a complete picture, and that includes the environmental side of things. Tar and gravel roofs are made from petroleum-based products like asphalt, which means they aren’t the most eco-friendly option on the market. The materials are not renewable, and the manufacturing process has a notable carbon footprint.
Additionally, when the time comes for a replacement, disposing of the old materials requires careful handling to avoid pollution. While this roofing system has many strengths, its environmental impact is a factor to consider. If sustainability is a top priority for you, it’s worth discussing greener alternatives with your roofing contractor to see how they compare in terms of performance and cost for your specific needs.
Common Challenges (and How to Solve Them)
Tar and gravel roofs are known for their toughness, but like any roofing system, they come with their own set of challenges. Understanding these potential issues ahead of time helps you make informed decisions and keep your roof in top shape for years. From managing its weight to finding a qualified installer, here’s what you need to know and how to handle it.
Managing the Roof’s Heavy Weight
One of the first things to consider is that tar and gravel roofs are significantly heavier than more modern options like TPO or EPDM. This is due to the multiple layers of asphalt, felt, and a thick top coat of gravel. All that material adds up, and your building’s structure must be strong enough to support the load. Before installation, it’s essential to have a professional conduct a thorough assessment to confirm your property can handle the weight. In some cases, structural reinforcements might be necessary, which is a crucial step you don’t want to overlook. An experienced roofer can identify these needs early on, preventing serious structural problems down the road.
Why Professional Installation Is Crucial
Installing a tar and gravel roof is a complex process that requires specific expertise—this is definitely not a DIY project. It’s also a skill that’s becoming harder to find. Many newer roofing companies focus on single-ply membrane systems, so not every roofer has the hands-on experience needed for a traditional built-up roof. An improper installation can lead to premature leaks, poor drainage, and a shortened lifespan. That’s why it’s so important to partner with a team that has a proven track record. When you’re vetting contractors, ask about their specific experience with tar and gravel systems and check out their past projects to ensure you’re hiring true professionals.
How to Find and Fix Leaks
Pinpointing the source of a leak on a tar and gravel roof can be tricky. Water can get under the top layers and travel a good distance before it finds a way into your building, making the entry point difficult to spot. Some people might be tempted by a quick fix, like applying a sealant over the entire roof. But as one expert put it, coating a roof that’s already failing is like “lipstick on a pig”—it just hides the underlying issues. The best approach is to call a trusted local roofer for a detailed inspection. They can properly identify the source of the leak and recommend a lasting repair that addresses the root cause.
Protecting Your Roof from Storms
Here in Florida, we know a thing or two about intense weather. Fortunately, the gravel layer on these roofs serves as a powerful line of defense. It shields the underlying waterproof membranes from damaging UV rays, which can cause materials to break down over time. The gravel also provides excellent protection against hail and heavy rain. Furthermore, its weight helps hold the roofing membrane in place during high winds. To keep this protective layer effective, it’s a good idea to have your roof inspected after major weather events to check for any gravel displacement. If you notice bare patches or other issues, scheduling a storm damage repair can prevent small problems from becoming big ones.
What Does a Tar and Gravel Roof Cost?
When you’re planning a new roof, the budget is always a top concern. Tar and gravel roofs are known for being a cost-effective option, but the final price tag depends on several factors, including the size of your roof, its current condition, and the specific materials used. Understanding these costs upfront helps you make a confident decision for your home. At MRS Roofers, we believe in complete transparency, so let’s break down what you can expect when investing in a tar and gravel roof for your Jacksonville property. We always provide a detailed, no-surprise estimate so you know exactly what you’re paying for.
Breaking Down the Initial Installation Costs
On average, the cost for a new tar and gravel roof is around $10,200, with most homeowners spending between $8,000 and $12,000. Think of this as a solid starting point for your budget. The final price will depend on the total square footage of your roof and any unique complexities of your home’s structure, like the number of vents or chimneys. A professional assessment is the best way to get a precise figure, but this range gives you a clear idea of the investment required for this durable and long-lasting roofing system.
Factoring in Materials and Labor
It’s helpful to know where your money is going. With a tar and gravel roof, the majority of the cost—about 60% to 70%—covers professional labor. This is because the “built-up” process of layering asphalt and roofing felt requires skill and precision to create a completely waterproof seal. The materials themselves typically make up the remaining 30% to 40% of the budget. Investing in expert roofing services ensures the job is done right the first time, giving you peace of mind and protecting your home for years to come.
How It Can Affect Your Homeowner’s Insurance
A new roof is more than just a necessary repair; it’s a major upgrade that adds significant value to your home. In fact, a professionally installed tar and gravel roof can increase your property’s value by 30% to 40%. Insurance companies view a new, sturdy roof as a reduced risk for future claims, which can often lead to more favorable premiums. At MRS Roofers, we’re experienced in handling insurance negotiations, helping you document the upgrade and ensuring your policy accurately reflects the quality and durability of your new roof.
Comparing Costs with Other Roof Types
Tar and gravel roofs are heavier than modern flat-roof alternatives like TPO or EPDM. This weight is something we always assess during our initial inspection, as some homes may need minor structural reinforcement to safely support it. While that can be an additional consideration, tar and gravel systems remain one of the most affordable flat roofing options available. They have a long-standing reputation for durability and weather resistance, making them a competitive choice against newer, often more expensive, materials. It’s all about balancing initial cost with proven, long-term performance.
How to Maintain Your Tar and Gravel Roof
A tar and gravel roof is a tough workhorse, but even the most durable systems need a little attention to perform their best, especially under the Florida sun. Think of maintenance as your first line of defense against the elements. A little proactive care goes a long way in preventing small issues from turning into costly, stressful repairs. By staying on top of inspections and routine upkeep, you can ensure your roof continues to protect your home effectively for years to come.
The key is to create a simple, repeatable routine. You don’t need to be a roofing expert to spot the early warning signs of trouble. Knowing what to look for and when to call in a professional can save you a significant amount of time and money. We’ll walk through a straightforward checklist for your own inspections, explain the value of a professional maintenance schedule, and give you some tips to keep your roof in top shape between check-ups. This approach helps you manage your roof’s health and gives you peace of mind, knowing your home is secure.
Your Go-To Inspection Checklist
Giving your roof a quick visual check, especially after a big storm, is a great habit to get into. From a safe vantage point, look for anything that seems out of place. You’re searching for clues that your roof might need attention.
Here’s what to keep an eye on:
- Blistering or Bubbles: These look like bumps on the surface and can indicate trapped moisture, which is a major red flag.
- Cracks or Bare Spots: Look for areas where the gravel has worn away, exposing the underlying tar layers.
- Pooling Water: Noticeable dips or low spots where water collects after it rains can signal drainage issues or structural sagging.
- Loose Gravel: Check your gutters and downspouts for an excessive amount of gravel, which means the top layer is eroding.
Creating a Professional Maintenance Schedule
While your own visual checks are helpful, they can’t replace a professional’s trained eye. We recommend having a professional roofing inspection at least once a year and after any major weather event. A professional can safely get on the roof to spot subtle signs of wear and tear that are easy to miss from the ground. They can identify potential weak spots, check the integrity of flashing around vents and chimneys, and ensure your drainage system is clear. Setting up a regular maintenance schedule with a trusted partner like MRS Roofers is the best way to catch problems early and extend the life of your roof.
Preventive Care Tips to Avoid Major Repairs
Between professional visits, a little housekeeping can make a big difference. The most important task is keeping the roof surface clear of debris. In Jacksonville, fallen leaves, pine needles, and branches can pile up, trapping moisture against the roof. This can lead to algae growth and accelerate the breakdown of the roofing materials. After a storm, make sure to clear away any debris that has collected. This simple step prevents water from pooling and helps your roof dry out properly, stopping potential leaks before they ever start. Consistent upkeep is the secret to a long-lasting, healthy roof.
What to Do in a Roofing Emergency
If you spot a leak or significant damage, your first instinct might be to find a quick fix. However, it’s crucial to address the root cause of the problem. Simply applying a sealant or coating over a damaged area is like putting “lipstick on a pig”—it might look better for a moment, but it doesn’t solve the underlying issue and can sometimes trap moisture, making things worse. In an emergency, your best move is to contact a professional for a thorough damage assessment. An expert can pinpoint the exact source of the failure and recommend a lasting repair that protects the structural integrity of your home.
How to Extend Your Roof’s Lifespan
A new roof is a significant investment, and you want to make sure it lasts as long as possible. With a tar and gravel roof, consistent care is the key to getting the most out of its durable, multi-layered system. By staying proactive and knowing what to look for, you can add years to your roof’s life and protect your home from the elements. It all starts with understanding the unique challenges of our local climate and catching small issues before they become major headaches.
The Impact of Florida’s Climate
Here in Jacksonville, our roofs face a tough combination of intense sun, high humidity, and heavy rain. This environment can be particularly hard on tar and gravel roofs, as the constant heat can cause the asphalt to soften and degrade more quickly over time. When a sudden thunderstorm rolls in on a hot day, the rapid temperature change can stress the roofing materials. That’s why it’s so important to keep an eye on your roof, especially after a major weather event. While our climate presents a challenge, it doesn’t mean a tar and gravel roof can’t perform well; it just means that regular inspections and maintenance are absolutely essential to handle potential storm damage repair and prevent long-term issues.
Spotting the Early Signs of Wear and Tear
You don’t have to be a roofing expert to spot the early warning signs of trouble. Making a habit of visually inspecting your roof can save you a lot of money and stress. From the ground, look for any obvious changes. Are there loose areas of gravel, or spots that look bare? Keep an eye out for dips where water might be pooling, as well as any cracks, bubbles, or blisters in the surface. These are all signs that the layers underneath might be compromised. Catching these issues early allows for targeted repairs, which is much better than discovering a major leak during a downpour. If you see anything that concerns you, it’s time to call for a professional look at your roofing services.
How Maintenance Adds Years to Your Roof
Regular maintenance is the single most effective way to extend the lifespan of your tar and gravel roof. Simple, consistent upkeep prevents the small problems that can lead to costly repairs. Start by making sure the roof surface is clear of leaves, branches, and other debris that can trap moisture and promote algae growth. It’s also critical to check that your drains and scuppers are clear to prevent water from pooling. For an extra layer of protection against the Florida sun, you can have a reflective “cool roof” coating applied. This special coating helps protect the asphalt from UV degradation and can even help lower your energy bills. A commitment to maintenance shows you value your home, just as we value our commitment to our clients, which you can learn more about on our About Us page.
Tips for a Professional Roof Assessment
While your own inspections are helpful, nothing replaces the trained eye of a professional. When it’s time for an assessment, it’s important to work with a contractor you can trust. A thorough inspection should involve more than just a quick glance. A true professional will identify not only existing problems but also potential future weak spots. This helps you avoid the cycle of patching one leak just to have another one appear a few months later. Look for a local company with a strong reputation for clear communication and detailed, transparent proposals. Don’t be afraid to ask questions. A great contractor will give you the best advice for your specific situation, ensuring your roof is safe and secure for years to come. If you’re ready for a professional opinion, feel free to contact us for a comprehensive assessment.
Considering Alternatives to Tar and Gravel?
While tar and gravel roofs have been a reliable choice for decades, roofing technology has come a long way. If you’re exploring your options, it’s worth looking at some of the modern materials that offer different benefits. Understanding these alternatives will help you make the best decision for your property’s specific needs and your long-term budget. Let’s walk through what’s available and how it stacks up against the traditional built-up roof.
A Look at Modern Roofing Options
Today, many property owners are choosing single-ply membrane roofing systems. Instead of building up layers on-site, these roofs use large, prefabricated sheets of synthetic material like TPO (Thermoplastic Olefin) or PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride). These materials are known for being lightweight and flexible. They often come in light colors that reflect the sun’s heat—a huge plus for keeping cooling costs down in the Florida sun. Many roofing companies now recommend these newer membrane roofs for their performance and ease of installation.
Comparing Performance and Durability
When it comes to durability, there are strong arguments on both sides. A perfectly installed tar and gravel roof can last for decades, offering excellent protection. However, modern materials like TPO are incredibly tough and resistant to punctures, hail, and storm damage. This resilience is a major reason why many roofers prefer TPO for flat or low-slope roofs. While some argue that nothing beats the longevity of a traditional built-up roof, the consistent quality and advanced engineering of single-ply membranes offer a level of reliability that’s hard to ignore.
Weighing the Costs and Benefits
Tar and gravel roofs often have a lower upfront installation cost, which makes them an attractive option. They have a long, proven track record of being a sturdy, budget-friendly choice. On the other hand, modern materials might have a higher initial price tag but can save you money over time. They are generally lighter, which can reduce stress on your building’s structure, and they typically require less ongoing maintenance. Plus, their reflective properties can lead to lower energy bills, making it a classic trade-off between initial savings and long-term value.
Making an Informed Choice for Your Property
So, how do you decide? A good rule of thumb is to consider the condition of your current roof. If you’re facing constant leaks or if potential repairs would cost more than half the price of a replacement, it’s usually more sensible to invest in a new system. The best first step is to get a professional opinion. A thorough roof assessment can uncover underlying issues and give you a clear picture of your options, ensuring you feel confident in your final decision.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long can I really expect a tar and gravel roof to last? With proper installation and consistent maintenance, a tar and gravel roof can reliably protect your property for 20 to 25 years. The key word here is maintenance. In a climate like ours, a roof that is regularly inspected and cleared of debris will perform much better and last significantly longer than one that is ignored.
Is a tar and gravel roof a good choice for a home in Florida? It can be a very effective choice, largely because the top layer of gravel provides excellent protection from the sun’s intense UV rays. However, the combination of high heat and heavy rain puts a lot of stress on any roofing system. For a tar and gravel roof to succeed here, a commitment to routine professional inspections is essential to catch any potential issues before they become serious problems.
Can you just put a new tar and gravel roof over my old one to save money? This is generally not a good idea. Tar and gravel systems are already very heavy, and adding another layer can put too much strain on your home’s structure. A professional installation always starts with removing the old roof to inspect the underlying deck for any rot or damage, ensuring the new system is built on a solid foundation.
What’s the biggest maintenance mistake people make with these roofs? The most common mistake is letting debris pile up. When leaves, pine needles, and branches sit on the roof, they trap moisture against the surface. This can lead to algae growth, prevent proper drainage, and speed up the breakdown of the roofing materials. Keeping the roof clear is one of the simplest and most effective ways to protect your investment.
Are tar and gravel roofs noisy when it rains? Actually, they are one of the quieter options available for a flat or low-slope roof. The multiple layers of asphalt and felt, combined with the thick top coat of gravel, do an excellent job of absorbing sound. You’re much less likely to hear the drumming of a heavy downpour compared to what you might experience with other roofing materials.